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Figure legends:
Supplementary Figure 1. The trial consisted of a 2 week run-in phase after the screening visit.
Subjects were then randomised to 8 weeks of Bif195 or placebo intervention for 8 weeks. The first
6 of these 8 weeks, all subjects took 300 mg ASA daily. In total 6 visits with video capsule
endoscopies were performed during the 8 week intervention period.
Supplementary Figure 2. Box-plot showing the relative abundances of Bifidobacterium breve in
stool at visits 2-7. The boxed extends from the first quartile (Q1) to the third quartile (Q3) and the
line within the box shows the median value. The lower whisker extends to the smallest value within
Q1 - 1.5 x inter-quartile range (IQR) and the upper whisker extends to the largest value within Q3 +
1.5 x IQR. Values outside the whiskers are shown as circles. After unblinding, a post-hoc lab and
bioinformatic analysis was performed on DNA extracted from all obtained fecal samples using a
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NucleoSpin 96 Soil kit (Macherey-Nagel) and randomly sheared into 350 bp fragments. Libraries
were constructed using NEBNext Ultra Library Prep Kit for Illumina (New England Biolabs) and
sequenced to at least 30 million read pairs per sample (2 x 150 bp paired-end Illumina sequencing).
Sequencing reads were filtered to remove human and low-quality reads, mapped to the Clinical
Microbiomics Human Gut 22M gene catalog, and summarised as a taxonomic relative abundance
table as described previously 21 . The involved parties were kept blinded for intervention during
analyses. Changes in relative abundances of taxa between visit 2 and the integral of later time-
points was tested using Wilcoxon rank sum test and corrected for multiple comparison using a
Bonferroni correction. Similarly, the Bray-Curtis distance between visit 2 and later time-points were
compared between the two arms (t-test).
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