Nutrients 2023 , 15 , 2688
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Nutrients 2023 , 15 , 0
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found more abundant in the HE group after 48 weeks. These two genera were largely the most abundant among the selected most discriminant genera. Two other genera were more abundant in the HE group, and six others were more abundant in the placebo group with Coriobacterium being the most relevant. Among enriched species identified in the HE group, Bifidobacterium saimiriisciurei and Paenibacillus donghaensis had both larger mean abundance and prevalence in the HE group compared to the placebo group. Akkermansia glycaniphila , Hallella seregens, and Ruminiclostridium josui were more abundant and prevalent in the placebo group. 14 of 21
Nutrients 2023 , 15 , x FOR PEER REVIEW
Figure 3. Microbiome components di ff erentiating between HE and placebo at week 48. For each speci fi c level (( A ). Family, ( B ). Genus and ( C ). Species), we displayed in the left panel the importance of each selected taxon to di ff erentiate between the two groups, in the middle panel the e ff ect size, by reporting the log-fold di ff erence between the mean abundance of the taxon in each group, and fi nally in the rightmost panel the prevalence of the selected taxa on each compared group. Green = HE; Black = placebo. Finally, no di ff erence between groups was observed regarding E. limosum abundance at baseline and after 48 weeks of supplementation. We further explored if treatment re- sponsiveness (total body BMD) was correlated with relative abundance of E. limosum at baseline. There was no speci fi c pa tt ern relating responsiveness to the observed abundance (Figure S4). Changes at week 24 and 48 in the pro fi le of total and individual SCFA were not sig- ni fi cantly di ff erent between groups (Table S8). Finally, no difference between groups was observed regarding E. limosum abundance at baseline and after 48 weeks of supplementation. We further explored if treatment responsiveness (total body BMD) was correlated with relative abundance of E. limosum at baseline. There was no specific pattern relating responsiveness to the observed abundance (Figure S4). Changes at week 24 and 48 in the profile of total and individual SCFA were not significantly different between groups (Table S8). 4. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the fi rst randomized controlled trial (RCT) con- ducted to examine the e ff ect of a hop extract on bone health in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. In this population, we demonstrated that a daily supplementation with 100 µg of 8-PN from a standardized hop extract for 48 weeks increased total body BMD compared to placebo. An improvement of the SF-36 physical functioning score was also observed in the HE group suggesting a higher perceived ability to perform daily activities. However, no signi fi cant e ff ect was found in BMD at speci fi c sites (lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip), plasma bone biomarkers, and other secondary outcomes, notably blood lipids and glucose homeostasis parameters. This bene fi cial impact on BMD is consistent with previous studies performed in the ovariectomized rat with standardized hop extract, which showed an increase in BMD fol- lowing 8 to 12 weeks of supplementation while using a daily dose of 8-PN from 6 to 27 times higher in a human dose equivalent [13,14]. Regarding the e ff ects of other types of 4. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted to examine the effect of a hop extract on bone health in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. In this population, we demonstrated that a daily supplementation with 100 µ g of 8-PN from a standardized hop extract for 48 weeks increased total body BMD However, no significant effect was found in BMD at specific sites (lumbar spine, femoral Figure 3. Microbiome components differentiating between HE and placebo at week 48. For each specific level (( ). Family, ( B ). Genus and ( C ). Species), we displayed in the left panel the importance of each selected taxon to differentiate between the two groups, in the middle panel the effect size, by reporting the log-fold difference between the mean abundance of the taxon in each group, and finally in the rightmost panel the prevalence of the selected taxa on each compared group. Green = HE; Black = placebo.
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